The W-shaped pupil in cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis): Functions for improving horizontal vision
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
The W-shaped pupil in cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis): Functions for improving horizontal vision
The eyes of cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) have a modified horizontal slit-pupil with a distinctive W-shape in bright light, while in darkness the pupil is circular. Two suggestions have previously been made for a function of the W-shape: (1) camouflaging the eye; (2) providing distance information. Since neither of these suggestions can fully explain the function of this pupil across the entir...
متن کاملAccommodation in the cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis).
We have studied natural accommodation in the eye of six specimens of cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) as they were fed with fish and shrimp. Using infrared photoretinoscopy, we observed (1) that the resting refractive state of the cuttlefish was emmetropic or slightly hyperopic, (2) that accommodation took place only a fraction of a second before a strike and (3) that accommodation focused select...
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The world is three-dimensional; hence, even surface-bound animals need to learn vertical spatial information. Separate encoding of vertical and horizontal spatial information seems to be the common strategy regardless of the locomotory style of animals. However, a difference seems to exist in the way freely moving species, such as fish, learn and integrate spatial information as opposed to surf...
متن کاملCamouflage during movement in the European cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis).
A moving object is considered conspicuous because of the movement itself. When moving from one background to another, even dynamic camouflage experts such as cephalopods should sacrifice their extraordinary camouflage. Therefore, minimizing detection at this stage is crucial and highly beneficial. In this study, we describe a background-matching mechanism during movement, which aids the cuttlef...
متن کاملExperimental evidence for spatial learning in cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis).
Laboratory mazes were used to study spatial-learning capabilities in cuttlefish (Sepia offcinalis), using escape for reinforcement. In preliminary observations, cuttlefish in an artificial pond moved actively around the environment and appeared to learn about features of their environment. In laboratory experiments, cuttlefish exited a simple alley maze more quickly with experience and retained...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Vision Research
سال: 2013
ISSN: 0042-6989
DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2013.02.016